Sun exposure, hormonal fluctuations, aging, acne scars, and certain skin diseases are some causes of dark spots on the face. They occur due to an overproduction of melanin, melanin is the pigment that gives the skin its color. While black spots are generally harmless, they can impact one’s self-esteem and confidence, particularly if they are prominent or in visible areas of the face. Reducing dark spots on the face is important for many reasons, first, it can improve skin look and general complexion. Second, it will help to prevent the start of more serious skin disorders such as melanoma, a kind of skin cancer. Finally eliminating dark spots can help prevent premature skin aging and future skin damage caused by sun and other environmental pollutions.
How to Reduce Dark Spots?
Here are some tips to help reduce the appearance of dark spots-
1. Protect Your Skin From the Sun
Sun exposure is the major cause of dark patches on the face. When exposed to the sun’s UV rays, the skin cells produce melanin, which results in tan or sunburn. Excessive sun exposure can cause an increase in melanin production, which forms the appearance of dark spots or hyperpigmentation. This is particularly problematic for people with pale skin, who are more prone to sun damage. Moreover, the sun’s rays can damage collagen and elastin fibers in the skin, leading to premature aging and the onset of wrinkles and fine lines. To prevent dark spots from sun damage, wear protective clothes, use broad-spectrum, mineral sunscreen with SPF 50 or higher, and avoid direct sun exposure from 10 am to 4 pm. Make a habit of applying sunscreen every day as the last step of your morning skincare routine.
2. Use Topical Treatments
Topical treatments can also help to decrease the appearance of dark patches on the skin by eliminating the root cause of hyperpigmentation or dark spots. Many topical treatments include chemicals that are proven to lighten the skin, for example, vitamin C, niacinamide, alpha arbutin, and retinol. Vitamin C is an effective antioxidant, it reduces free radicals that cause skin damage. On the other hand, niacinamide and alpha-arbutin, are proven to lower the spread of melanin to the skin’s surface, leading to fewer dark spots and a stronger skin barrier. Another prominent topical substance is retinol, a vitamin A compound. Retinol works by boosting cell turnover and exfoliating the skin, which can gradually remove the visibility of black spots. These therapies may take weeks or months to provide benefits.
3. Chemical Peels
Chemical peels consist of the application of a chemical peeling solution to the skin, which causes exfoliation of the top layer. This exfoliation eliminates dead skin cells and promotes the growth of new cells. This exfoliation breaks up the melanin in the skin and reduces black spots. Makes skin smoother, brighter, and visibly younger. The depth of the peel depends on the severity of the dark spots and what is wanted. It is wise to speak with a trained dermatologist to perform this treatment.
4. Microdermabrasion
Microdermabrasion is a non-invasive cosmetic procedure. It exfoliates top layer of dead skin cells with a device.
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